Lathe



Ya. voN zELl-:wsKY ErAL occ. 12, w43.

' l LATHE Fild July 25, 1940 2 Sheets-Shoot 1 ullllilllilllllll.

Y\i s carried by the tool slide and iscontrolled by Patented oei.' 12, 1943 l UNITED s'm'insy PATENr oFFicE LATHE Ottomar von Zelewsky, Neuhausen, and Karl Knzi, Schahausen, Switzerland, assignors to Aktiengesellschaft der Eisenund Stahlwerke rorrinals Georg Fischer, Schaffhausen, Switzer- Application July 25, 1940, serial No. 347,540 In Germany July 22, 1939 10 Claims. (Cl. 82-14) 'This invention relates to lathes comprising a of the control piston I2 and is connected With tool slide for holding the turning tool, the tool a pump I8 the suction conduit I9 of which ends slide being supported by a horizontal slide for in asupply tank 20 (Fig. 3). vertical adjustment, whereby the tool is adjusted The cylinder bore of the control piston I2 is into cutting position on the Work o connected with a. return ccnduitzl ieadhir According to the present invention, -for the to the supplytarrk'l),Y A branch conduit/22 conadjustment f the i001 Slide a hydraulic adjustnects the supply conduit I1 with/the cylindrical ing device is arranged on the horizontal slide, bore e 4 for the piston and i`s provided with a control member which portion 8. The cylindrical borgne ng the control piston I2 is connected with am which leads into the cylindrical bore portiono the tool slide 4 for the piston portion 1 of larger diameter above said piston portion. The upper end face of the control piston I2 is acted upon l5 by a compression spring 24 the other end of which abuts against the upper end wall of the cylinder bore for guiding the piston I2. The two-armed lever is pressed against the lower end of the control pist'on'el2'rbyea weak compression spring 25 one end of which bears against the arm I3 of the two-armed lever and the other against the control member I I.

The control member I I is constructed as a differential piston which is guided in corresponding cylindrical bores of the tool slide'4. The upper piston portion 26 of the control member has a smaller diameter than the lower piston portion 21 and the differential piston is provided with an annular groove 28. The hollow space formed 30 by the annular groove 28 communicates with a passage 29 which is arranged in the tool slide 4 so as to interconnect the cylindrical bore of the piston portions of theidiierential piston 1, 8 with this hollow space. The liquid pressure per- 3'5 manently maintained in the conduit 22 has, therefore, the tendency to force the control member II downwardlym" 'w-\- In the upper piston portion 2B of the control member II a round head provided on a threaded I 40 tension rod 30 is rotatably mounted. The tension rod 30 is threadedly'connected with a matscrew bore of the tool slide 4 and is provided wit chwindgvvll 3l. By rotationally displacing the ha eisl in tile" corresponding direction the control member Hman Vbe raised so that the lever arm I5 of the two-armed lever I3, I5 is approached on the template I6. In turning the handwheel 3| in the opposite direction the control member ismoved downwardly 'in conjunction with the liquid pressure acting on a theoretical annular area corresponding to 9T template stationarily arranged on the machine frame.

In the accompmgrdrawings several embodiments of the invention are illustrated by way of example only, in which Fig. 1 shows a front elevation of a lathe according to the invention;

2 is a vertical section of the lathe on the lineII-II ofFig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the control member carried by the tool slide on a larger scale;

Fig. i is a sectiomn view similar to Fig. 3 with parts for cooperation with the control member added thereto;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a modification of the parts added to Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 shows an elevation of a second form of the tool slide partly in section, and

Fig. '1 is a, fragmentary view of a third form nofthe tool slide.

Theme7 e I ef the lathe is provided with a horizontalnblserving for guiding a horizontal slide 3 (Figs. 1 an\a\2i. On the horizontal slide 3 the tool slide 4 holding\the,tugning tool 5 is guided and is 4adjustable in the verticalvdirec-n tion. The vertical adjustability of the tool slide d serves for applying the turning tool 5 to the work 6. A diierential piston having a piston portion 1 ofV a larger diameter serposed on a piston portion 8 of a smaller diameter in upstanding relation in corresponding c drical bores of the tool slide 4. On the differential piston a cross yoke 9 is arranged (Fig. 2) which is supported by the horizontal slideA 3. The cross yoke A9 protrudes through slots I0 provided in the tool slide 4.\\

The tool slide 4 carries a control member II having a cylindrical bore guiding a\control piston I2 the lower end of which abuts against one of the arms I3 of a two-armed lever pivotally connected to the control member II, at I4. The other arm I5 of the two-armed lever bears against a cam surface provided on the underside piston portions 26, 21. of a template I6 supported by the 'machine frame In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 the arm I. A supply conduit I1 leads into the cylinder 55 I3 of the two-armed lever I3, I5 is engaged by the difference of the cross sectional areas of`the-- \X y AMJ/MM,

2 2,381,443 und r an arm I! oi' a 'two-armed'lever pivotally conp to, i= e turning tool 44 is adjusted into nected to the control member Il. The other cutting positionon thework. arm 33 of this lever is connected with 'an up- In Fig. 7 the bed of the lathe on which a horistanding rack cooperating with a toothed segzontal slide 55 is guided is designated by 55. The ment 3l which is supPQId ,by the horizontal 5 horizontal slide 55 serves as a guide for the vert!f slide 3.- Alternatively, the toothed sector 35 may cally adjustable tool slide` 51 holding the turning be supported by the tool slide 4. The toothed tool. In the horizontal slide 5I two vertical cysector is connected to a handle bar 38 which, if lindrical bores 58 are providedinwhich are guided accordingly controlled, has the effect to displace diiferential pistons 59 the portions of smaller dithe rack and to move the control piston l2 up- 10 ameter of which are facing toward above. The wards, in such manner, that communication beupper ends of the portions of smaller diameter tween the conduits I9 and 23 is interrupted and of the differential pistons 59 are connected to the latter is connected withthe return conduit lateral arms 50 projecting from the tool slide 51 Il, so .that the piston portion 1 is relieved from on both sides thereof. In the cylindrical bores pressure and the tool slide 4 descends, the dei5 58 compression springs 5i are arranged the one scending movement being assisted by the action ends of which abut against the annular areas of e- Vim-oiP-tlie hydraulic pressure on the piston portion the diiIerentia-l pistons 59, whereas e/e1;1rer/^"-"n I, which pressure is permanently maintained. MggsLtheseJpringswbutaga t the upper Instead of the arrangement/showndrrliig'. 2li end walls of the cylindrical bores 58. The springs an arrangement for the lowering of the tool 5I have the tendency to lower the tool slide 51. slide may be used as shown in Fig. 5. The cylin- The lower portions of the cylindrical bores 58 drical bore arranged in the tool slide 4 for guidcommunicate with conduits 52 which at their ing th\e piston portion 1 communicates with a other ends are connected with a pressure conduit passage Il which is normally closed by a spring Vi!,Oliinlilnic-tontrol eleiniiuenced valve piston 3l. 'I'he guide rod'39 of 25 ment. By applying pressure i tlTacyl' fkff/ the piston valve 151s constructed as a rac; whichvir drical bores 58 through the conduits 52 the difis in mesh withwa pivtally ted toothed secdnstial pistons 59 are raised together with the tor which can be actuated by means of a too lide 51 against the action of the springs 6l. handle bar 4I, in such manner, that the piston In thelarrangement disclosed the tool slide, valve is forced downwardly against the spring that is,the.guides thereof are vertically arranged, influence and thus the port of the passage 31 is Instead of vertical gnides guide mleansgma be given free. The passage 31 may be connected'wprovidedrwlnch-arincline to the vertical at an with the return conduit 2i. acute angle. v

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 6 the numeral We claim: 42 designates the bed of the lathe on which a 35 l. In a machine tool for the turning of awcrk, horizontal slide 43 is guided. The horizontal havingamachine frame carrying ahorizontal bed, slide 4 3 serves as/anguide for,I thedvemcally ada horizontal slide slidably arranged on said bed in justable tool'slide 45 which carries theturning parallelism with the rotation axis of said'work, tool "4f/and by the adjusting movements of which a diilerential piston supportedby said vhorizontal the turning tool is adjusted into cutting posi- 40 slide and having apigtonortion of larger diamtion on the work. In the horizontal slide 43 two eter than that f/a second piston portion on vertical cylindrical bores are provided in www/Salif st piston portion is superposed, a /gtwo differential .pistons 41, arefguidedrthefp ertically adjustable tool slide slidably arranged on tions of smaller diameter of which are facing said horizontal slide for adjusting the turning toward above. The upper ends of the portions 45 tool held by said tool slide into cutting engage-ff" of-smaller diameter of the differential pistons 41 ment with said work and includingeyiindncal are connected to lateral arms l45 projecting from bores mating said nrst and said second piston the tool slide 4.5 on both sides thereof. portion, a hydraulic adjusting device carried by The lower portions of the cylinder bores 45 said horizontal slide, a control member included --A communicate with conduits 49 which are con- 50 in said adjusting device and supported by said nected with a conduit 5i communicating with the tool slide. a hydraulic system supplying pressure bore of the control member 45li. Further conliquid to said hydraulic adjusting device, said cynected with the bore4 of the control member 5i! is lindrical bore of said second piston portion being a supply conduit 52, which includes a pump 53, 'constantly acted upon by said pressure liquid and through a branch pipe/52?. g The numeral` 54 des- 55 the supply of said pressure liquid to said cylindri.. ignates the return conduit connected witlthe cal bore of said rst p /n portion being conbore of the contro mberl. The supply contrailed by Said contr member, an accessory de..

/nit/U o connected with a conduit 55 in- Vice SSOGinted' with said adjusting device for reependently of the control member 50, thecon- Wanting Said tool slide from said work by action duit ss wading into the upper portions of the9-Qfnvdrau1ic pressure derivd from said system.

cylindrical bores 45. and a template for said work stationarily ar- ,.f f 'The liquid pressure /whiQi exists in the 'conranged 0n Said machine frame for controlling duit ss anain the upper portions o: the cyundrl- Said control member. ,WJ/ cal bores 45 and which is permanently main- 2- In 9' mach-111619001 for the turning of a work, tained acts on the annular areas of the dlfferenhaving a machife frame Carrying a horizontal tial pistons 41, in such mannen that by the inbed, a horizontal slide slidably arranged on said iluence of the liquid pressure these pistons are beqfm'mmuensm with the rotation aXS 0f Said always tending to lower the tool slide 4s. As the -f/Wfk' a vertically adjustable i901 slide slidably control member 50 is so adjusted by the template 70 rlraged ontid horizontal 5nd@ for adjusting that pressure uqam is supplied to the conduit si mfg emnmnmentheilf by Said to01 Slide int cutand thus to the conduits 4s, the dlrrerential pisjustm ggvi gi h Sad Wrka hydraullc ad- 'tons areY moved`upwardly-together`wjth"the g e ce ca ed said horizontal Slide, a

Q control member included in tool slide 45 against the action of the liquid PeS- f vice'and supported by said tooslgdgdaushviaglc sure onthe annular areas o: the dinerential pissystem supplying pressure liquid to said hydraulic aasifiea mounted on said control member and cooperat ing with said cam face and with the control part of said control member.

3. In a machine tool for the turning of a work, having a machine frame carrying a horizontal bed, a horizontal slidev slidably arranged on said bed in parallelism with the rotation'axis oi said having a machine frame carrying a horizontal work, a vertically `adjustable tool slide slidably arranged on said horizontal slide. forA adjusting the turning tool held by said tool slide into cutting lengagement with said work,v control means adjustably carried by saidtool slide, a hydraulic adjusting device carried by saidhorizontal slide, a control member included in said adjusting device and supported by said tool slide, a hydraulic system supplying pressure liquid to said hydraulic adjusting device, and having a lower cam face and atwo`armed lever pivotally mounted on said control member and cooperating with said cam face and with vthe control part of said control member, said control means being adjustable for retracting said two-armed lever from said template by displacing said control member relative to said tool slide.

4. In a machine tool for the turning of a work, .having a machine frame 'carrying a horizontal bed, a horizontal slide slidably arranged on said bed in parallelism with the rotation axis of said work, a vertically adjustable tool slide slidably arranged on said horizontal slide, an adjusting' device carried by said horizontal slide for ad justing the turning tool to the work by action of hydraulic pressure, a control member having a arranged, on said horizontal slide for adjusting the turning tool held by said tool slide into cutting engagement with said work, a double hydraulic adjustingdevice carried by said horizontal slide, each adjusting device portion compr ing two pistons and mating cylindrical ,bor

arranged on either side oi said tool slide, a,con\ v trol member included in said adjusting devicea hydraulic Asystem supplying pressure liquid to said hydraulic adjusting device, and a template for said work stationarily arranged .on said ma-V chine frame for controlling said control member.

'7. In a' machine tooll for the turning of a work, having a machine frame carrying a horizontal bed, a horizontal slide slidably arranged on said bed in parallelism with the rotation 'axis of said work, a vertically adjustable tool. slide slidably arranged on said horizontal slide for adjusting the turning tool held by said tool slide into cutting engagement with said work, a double hydraulic adjusting device carried by said casing constituting a diierential piston guided in a cylindrical bore of said tool slide by meansvof said casing and carrying a control means, the

annular area of said diierential piston being constantly under said hydraulic pressure, a template for said work stationarily arranged on said machine frame for controlling said control member, and having a lower cam face, and a twoarmed lever pivotally mounted on said control member and cooperating with said cam face and with the control part of said control member, said two-armed lever being retractible from said template by iniluence of said dileretial piston and adapted to be approached on said template against the iniiuence of said piston by controlling said control means. i

5. In a machine tool for the turning of a Work,

bed, a horizontal slide slidably arranged on said bed in parallelism with the rotation axis of said work, a vertically adjustable tool slide slidably arranged on said horizontal slide for adjusting the turning tool held by said tool slide into cutting engagement with said work, a hydraulic adjusting device carried by said horizontal slide, two pistons and mating cylindrical bores included in said adjusting device, a control member included in said adjusting device and supported by said tool slide, -a hydraulic system supplying pressure horizontal slide, each adjusting device comprising a differential piston and mating cylindrical bores arranged on either side of'said tool slide, a control member included in said adjusting device, a hydraulic system supplying pressure liq- .uld to said hydraulic adjusting device, the anular areas of said dilerential pistons being constantly under said pressure, of said system, and the liquidpressure acting on the area of the larger piston portions of said differential pistons being controlled -by said control member, an ac- Y cessory device associated with said adjusting device for retracting said tool slide from said work by action of hydraulic pressure derived from said system and a template for said work stationarily arranged on said machine'frange for controlling said control member.

8. In a machine tool for the turning of a work, having a machine frame carrying a horizontal bed, a horizontal slide slidably arranged` on said bedin parallelism with the'rotation -axls of said work, a vertically adjustable tool slide slidably arranged on said horizontal slide for adjusting the turning tool held by said tool slide intocut# ting engagement with said work, a double hydraulic adjusting device carried by said horizontal slide, each adjusting device portion comprising two pistons and mating cylindrical bores arranged on eithr side of said tool slide, spring means interposed between one of said pistons of each of said adjusting device portions and said tool slide, a control member included in said adjusting device, a hydraulic system supplying pressure liquid to said hydraulic adjusting device, and a template for said work stationarily arranged on said machine'irame for controlling said control member.

9. -In a machine tool for the turning of a work', having a machineframe carrying a horizontal bed, a horizontal slide slidably arranged on said bed in parallelism with the rotation axis of said work, `a differential piston supported by said horizontal slide and having a piston portion of larger diameter than that of a second piston portion on which said rst piston portion is superposed, a vertically adjustable toolslide slidably arranged on said horizontal slide for adjusting the turning tool held by said tool slide into cutting engagement with said work and including cylindrical bores mating said iirst and said second piston portion, said first bore being associated with a closable return means, a hydraulic adjusting device carried by said horizonta1 slide, a control member included in said adjusting device and supported by said tool slide, a hydraulic system supplying pressure liquid to said hydraulic adjusting device, said cylindrical bore of said second piston portion being constantly acted upon by said pressure liquid and the supply of said pressure liquid to said cylindrical bore of said first piston portion being controlled by said return means, a template for said work stationarily arranged on said machine frame for controlling said control member, and` having a lower cam face, and a two-armed lever pivotally adjusting device carried by said horizontal slide for adjusting the turning tool to the work by action of hydraulic pressure. a control member having a casing constituting a differential piston guided in acylindrical bore of said tool slide bymeans of said casing and carrying a control means. the annular area of said differential plston being constantly under said hydraulic pressure, a template for said work stationarily arranged on said machine frame for controlling said control member, and having a lower cam tace, a two-armed lever pivotally mounted on said control member and cooperating with said cam face and with the control part of said control member. a linkage intercalated between said control means and said two-armed lever for retracting said two-armed lever from said template'by inuence of said diierential piston and lowering said tool slide by controlling said control means.

O'I'I'OMAR von ZELEWSKY.

KARL KNzI. 

